CLINICAL RESEARCH
Association of causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes with the clinical profile in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
1
Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
2
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
Submission date: 2022-08-12
Final revision date: 2022-10-05
Acceptance date: 2022-10-05
Publication date: 2022-12-12
Arch Med Sci Civil Dis 2022;7(1):44-52
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The current study is designed to assess the various risk factors, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes (among aged Pakistanis) and gestational diabetes (in pregnant women).
Material and methods:
The statistical analysis of a cross-sectional survey included the data of 1479 adults, aged 18–75 years, living in urban and rural areas. Blood glucose was measured by an automatic clinical chemistry analyser. Diabetes was confirmed via an glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) report from each patient’s file admitted in medical and surgical wards. Blood pressures were measured and recorded, and the medical history and prior illness data were collected by interviewing the patients and cross checked with their individual daily progress report.
Results:
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in different age groups in urban and rural areas was 5.3%, among which 9.8% was found to be previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and 7% was newly diagnosed type II diabetes, whereas the percentage of gestational diabetes was 1.36% of the total ratio (5.3%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus affected more women than men, which increased with age. Central obesity and hypertension were highly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus occurrence. The prevalence of previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus with overweight or obesity was 68.4%, with central obesity 32.3%, and with hypertension 56.5%. A significant association (p = 0.005) was found between obesity, as a risk factor, gestational diabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions:
These results show that diabetes has reached high proportions, and comprehensive strategies are needed for the prevention and control of the problem of type II diabetes.
The current study is designed to assess the various risk factors, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes (among aged Pakistanis) and gestational diabetes (in pregnant women).
Material and methods:
The statistical analysis of a cross-sectional survey included the data of 1479 adults, aged 18–75 years, living in urban and rural areas. Blood glucose was measured by an automatic clinical chemistry analyser. Diabetes was confirmed via an glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) report from each patient’s file admitted in medical and surgical wards. Blood pressures were measured and recorded, and the medical history and prior illness data were collected by interviewing the patients and cross checked with their individual daily progress report.
Results:
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in different age groups in urban and rural areas was 5.3%, among which 9.8% was found to be previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and 7% was newly diagnosed type II diabetes, whereas the percentage of gestational diabetes was 1.36% of the total ratio (5.3%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus affected more women than men, which increased with age. Central obesity and hypertension were highly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus occurrence. The prevalence of previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus with overweight or obesity was 68.4%, with central obesity 32.3%, and with hypertension 56.5%. A significant association (p = 0.005) was found between obesity, as a risk factor, gestational diabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions:
These results show that diabetes has reached high proportions, and comprehensive strategies are needed for the prevention and control of the problem of type II diabetes.
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