CLINICAL RESEARCH
The relation between smoking and smoker timing and diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Submission date: 2018-08-11
Acceptance date: 2018-10-06
Publication date: 2018-12-10
Arch Med Sci Civil Dis 2018;3(1):95-102
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Active and passive smoking are the main causes of preventable diseases and deaths worldwide, and pose a serious public health problem. In many studies, it has been shown that smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) development and is associated with bad glycemic control and development of diabetic complications in diabetic patients. Our aim in the present study was to examine the relation between smoking and diabetic complications in type 2 DM patients.
Material and methods:
A total of 757 patients who were followed up with type 2 DM diagnosis were included in the present study. The demographic and anthropometric features, diabetic complications, smoking history and when the patients quit smoking were recorded. The relation between smoking and diabetic complications was also investigated.
Results:
A total of 54.8% (415 patients) of the patients did not smoke; 12% (91 patients) had quit smoking; and 33.2% (251 patients) were still smoking. There was a statistically significant relation between smoking and male gender, waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, lifestyle, drug compliance, hypertension and diabetic complications. There was a statistically significant relation between smoking quitting period and male gender, HbA1c level, waist circumference, lifestyle, drug compliance and diabetic complications.
Conclusions:
A significant relation was observed between smoking and microvascular and macrovascular complications. It was shown that after quitting smoking, bad glycemic control and complications diminished in time. Smoking in diabetic patients is the most important risk factor that may be changed.
Active and passive smoking are the main causes of preventable diseases and deaths worldwide, and pose a serious public health problem. In many studies, it has been shown that smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) development and is associated with bad glycemic control and development of diabetic complications in diabetic patients. Our aim in the present study was to examine the relation between smoking and diabetic complications in type 2 DM patients.
Material and methods:
A total of 757 patients who were followed up with type 2 DM diagnosis were included in the present study. The demographic and anthropometric features, diabetic complications, smoking history and when the patients quit smoking were recorded. The relation between smoking and diabetic complications was also investigated.
Results:
A total of 54.8% (415 patients) of the patients did not smoke; 12% (91 patients) had quit smoking; and 33.2% (251 patients) were still smoking. There was a statistically significant relation between smoking and male gender, waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, lifestyle, drug compliance, hypertension and diabetic complications. There was a statistically significant relation between smoking quitting period and male gender, HbA1c level, waist circumference, lifestyle, drug compliance and diabetic complications.
Conclusions:
A significant relation was observed between smoking and microvascular and macrovascular complications. It was shown that after quitting smoking, bad glycemic control and complications diminished in time. Smoking in diabetic patients is the most important risk factor that may be changed.
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